I whakarerekētia e Tākuta Eduardo Blumwald (matau) rāua ko Akhilesh Yadav, Ph.D., me ētahi atu mema o tā rāua tīma i Te Whare Wānanga o California, Davis, te raihi hei akiaki i ngā huakita oneone ki te whakaputa i te hauota nui ake ka taea e ngā tipu te whakamahi. [Trina Kleist/UC Davis]
I whakamahia e ngā kairangahau te CRISPR hei hanga raihi hei whakatenatena i ngā huakita oneone ki te whakapūmau i te hauota e hiahiatia ana mō tō rātou tipu. Ka taea e ngā kitenga te whakaiti i te nui o te tongi hauota e hiahiatia ana hei whakatipu hua, ka penapena i ngā piriona tāra a ngā kaimahi pāmu o Amerika i ia tau, ā, ka whai hua hoki ki te taiao mā te whakaiti i te parahanga hauota.
"He wheketere matū whakamiharo ngā tipu," te kī a Tākuta Eduardo Blumwald, he ahorangi rongonui mō ngā pūtaiao tipu i Te Whare Wānanga o California, Davis, nāna i ārahi te rangahau. I whakamahia e tana tīma te CRISPR hei whakarei ake i te pakaru o te apigenin i roto i te raihi. I kitea e rātou ko te apigenin me ētahi atu matū ka puta te whakapūmau hauota huakita.
I whakaputaina ā rātou mahi ki te puka Plant Biotechnology (“Genetic modification of rice flavonoid biosynthesis enhances biofilm formation and biological nitrogen fixation by soil nitrogen-fixing bacteria”).
He mea nui te hauota mō te tipu o ngā tipu, engari kāore e taea e ngā tipu te huri tika i te hauota mai i te rangi ki tētahi āhua ka taea e rātou te whakamahi. Engari, ka whakawhirinaki ngā tipu ki te mimiti i te hauota kore-ora, pērā i te haukini, i hangaia e ngā huakita i roto i te oneone. Ko te whakaputanga ahuwhenua e hangai ana ki te whakamahinga o ngā maniua kei roto te hauota hei whakanui ake i te hua o ngā tipu.
"Mēnā ka taea e ngā tipu te whakaputa matū e āhei ai ngā huakita oneone ki te whakapūmau i te hauota o te hau, ka taea e tātou te hanga i ngā tipu hei whakaputa i ētahi atu o ēnei matū," tana kī. "Ka akiakihia e ēnei matū ngā huakita oneone ki te whakapūmau i te hauota, ā, ka whakamahia e ngā tipu te ammonia e puta mai ana, ā, ka whakaitihia te hiahia mō ngā maniua matū."
I whakamahia e te tīma a Broomwald te tātari matū me te ira tangata hei tautuhi i ngā matū i roto i ngā tipu raihi – te apigenin me ētahi atu flavonoids – e whakarei ake ana i te mahi whakatikatika hauota a ngā huakita.
Kātahi ka tautuhia e rātou ngā ara mō te whakaputa i ngā matū, ā, ka whakamahia te hangarau whakatika ira CRISPR hei whakanui ake i te whakaputanga o ngā pūhui e whakaoho ana i te hanganga kiriata koiora. Kei roto i ēnei kiriata koiora ngā huakita e whakarei ake ana i te huringa hauota. Nō reira, ka piki ake te mahi whakatika hauota o ngā huakita, ā, ka piki ake te nui o te haukini e wātea ana ki te tipu.
"I whakaatuhia e ngā tipu raihi kua whakapaitia te hua witi kua piki ake i te wā i whakatipuria ai i raro i ngā āhuatanga hauota oneone," te tuhituhi a ngā kairangahau i roto i te pepa. "E tautoko ana ā mātou hua i te whakahaere i te ara biosynthesis flavonoid hei huarahi ki te whakaoho i te whakapiri hauota koiora i roto i ngā witi me te whakaiti i te ihirangi hauota kore-ora. Te whakamahinga tongi. Ngā Rautaki Tuturu."
Ka taea hoki e ētahi atu tipu te whakamahi i tēnei ara. Kua tono te Whare Wānanga o California mō tētahi patent mō te hangarau, ā, kei te tatari tonu rātou mōna. Nā te Will W. Lester Foundation te pūtea mō te rangahau. Hei tāpiri, e tautoko ana a Bayer CropScience i ētahi atu rangahau mō tēnei kaupapa.
"He tino utu nui ngā maniua hauota," te kī a Blumwald. "He mea nui te whakamahi i ngā mea katoa hei whakakore i aua utu. I tētahi taha, he take moni tēnei, engari he pānga kino anō hoki tō te hauota ki te taiao."
Ko te nuinga o ngā maniua e whakamahia ana ka ngaro, ka mimiti ki roto i te oneone me te wai whenua. Mā te kitenga a Blumwald ka āwhina i te tiaki i te taiao mā te whakaiti i te parahanga hauota. "Ka taea e tēnei te whakarato i tētahi mahi ahuwhenua rerekē pumau ka whakaiti i te whakamahinga o te maniua hauota nui rawa," tana kī.